Creatine Products: Which Form Of Creatine Is Right For You?

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There are few supplements that can boast the supporting clinical evidence that creatine does—and by creatine I mean creatine monohydrate, which is the gold standard and the version upon which all credible clinical studies have been performed (see some for yourself; J Am Diet Assoc. 1997 Jul;97(7):765-70, Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2002 Feb;34(2):332-43, Med SCI Sports Exerc. 1998 Jan;30(1):73-82 , J Strength Cond Res. 2003 Aug;17(3):425-38).

While many retailers claim to have developed forms of creatine which are both more potent (requiring lower dosing) and more effective, there is no credible clinical evidence to demonstrate that any of these new forms work better than good old creatine monohydrate.

In fact, they may not even work as well.

Case in point; creatine ethyl esther (CEE). Once enthusiastically described as the "future of creatine", evidence now shows CEE degrades quickly and is less stable in stomach acid than creatine monohydrate. Despite this, CEE remains a mainstay ingredient in many dedicated creatine products.

Thus, it is important to remain critical of retailers' advertising claims, and to choose your creatine supplement carefully. Here are some suggestions...

 

Products Worth Investigating Study Status
Creatine monohydrate: Simple. Effective. Cheap. What's not to like? The gold standard in creatine, you won't go wrong here.    
BSN's CellMass: Despite its seeming complexity, this is a solid, simple, and worthwhile formula. Good taste helps too!    
Nutrex's Volu-Gro: This product combines creatine monohydrate with waxy maize to enhance muscle uptake. Some users report getting a decent "pump" when using this product, much like the one you would obtain from an arginine-based pre-workout supplement.  
Cell Tech Hardcore: Yes, it`s from Muscle Tech. Yes, its formula is needlessly complicated and the benefits exaggerated. But the bottom line is simple; the blend of creatine, dextrose and alpha lipoic acid works.

Kre-Alkalyn: Take regular creatine monohydrate, and buffer it (treat it with alkaline salts to render a high pH when dissolved in water) and what you end up with is Kre-Alkalyn. There is plenty of controversy over how effective this form of creatine is, but it has garnered enough positive anecdotal evidence to suggest it is no less so than "regular" creatine monohydrate.

 
Legend (rollover icon for explanation)
HS (Human studies): Some human-based studies have been performed on this ingredient/product, or some of the ingredients in this product. This should not be considered absolute "proof" that it works as described.

Studies "vary" in credibility; while some are credible, others may be only preliminary, small, or their methodologies may be flawed (not properly randomized, double blind or placebo controlled) or they may be published in obscure or non-accredited journals.

Other studies may be conducted by people with a vested interest in a positive outcome (i.e., they are managed by the same people retailing the product), and therefore the conclusions must be viewed with skepticism.

And of course, many studies demonstrate only mild or moderate effects, which—with the help of a retailer's creative marketing department—can be made to appear much more dramatic than they are.
AS (Animal studies): Some animal based studies have been performed on this ingredient/product. Positive animal based study results do not always translate over to the same results in humans. However, these are a good first step, and may help to add some credence to pure anecdotal reports.
"In vitro" studies: Literally, these are studies performed "in glass"—basically in a culture dish, not in any animal or human model. While "in vitro" studies are usually the easiest, fastest and most cost-effective to conduct, they are also the "bottom of the ladder" when it comes to clinical evidence. Results obtained when a compound is applied directly to isolated cells or tissues may be different than those obtained when it's swallowed by a human or animal, as it must "survive" the harsh environment of the stomach and first pass through the liver. "In vitro" studies rank above anecdotal evidence, since in-vitro work can at least establish—in a controlled manner—that a supplement compound is biologically active.
AE (Anecdotal evidence): It all starts with anecdotal evidence. In general, anecdotes mean very little, as most individuals are not necessarily aware of the large number of variables that can contribute to a positive outcome for any product/ingredient. Still, when enough people consistently notice a positive effect, it cannot be completely dismissed. On the "scale" of proof that a product works, anecdotal evidence is the least reliable.
 
 

 

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